Tesla Battery Specs & Facts

Battery capacity by model and year, cell chemistry, and key degradation data — everything in one place.

Tesla battery capacity by model and year

Usable battery capacity (kWh) for every Tesla variant. Use these figures with our battery health calculator to verify your result, or with the cost calculator to estimate charging costs.

Model 3

Variant	Years	Capacity (kWh)
Long Range RWD	2018	73.5
Long Range Performance	2018	73.5
Mid Range RWD	2018	62
Standard Range Plus	2019-2020	49
Long Range RWD	2019	73.5
Long Range Dual Motor	2019-2020	73.5
Long Range Performance	2019-2020	73.5
Standard Range Plus LFP	2020-2021	52.5
Long Range Dual Motor	2020-2022	72
Performance	2020-2022	76
Standard Range Plus	2021	51
Long Range Dual Motor	2021	76
Long Range Dual Motor	2021-2023	75
Model 3 (Standard)	2021-2023	57.5
Performance	2022-2023	75
Long Range RWD	2023	75
Model 3 RWD (LFP)	2024-	60
Long Range RWD	2024-	75
Long Range AWD	2024-	75
Long Range Dual Motor	2024-	75
Performance	2024-	79

Model Y

Variant	Years	Capacity (kWh)
Long Range Dual Motor	2021-2022	72
Long Range Dual Motor	2022-2024	75
Model Y (Standard)	2022-2024	57.5
Long Range RWD	2024	75
Performance	2022-2024	75
Model Y RWD (LFP)	2025-	60
Long Range RWD	2025-	77
Long Range AWD	2025-	79
Performance	2025-	79

Model S

Variant	Years	Capacity (kWh)
85	2013-2016	80.8
P85D	2014-2016	80.8
70	2015-2016	66.5
70D	2015-2016	66.5
85D	2015-2016	80.8
90D	2015-2017	85.5
P90D	2015-2016	85.5
P90DL	2015-2016	85.5
60	2016-2017	62
60D	2016-2017	62
75	2016-2017	72.5
75D	2016-2019	72.5
P100D	2016-2019	95
100D	2017-2019	95
Standard Range	2019	72.5
Long Range	2019-2020	95
Performance	2019-2020	95
Long Range Plus	2020-2021	98
Performance	2020-2021	98
Plaid	2021-	95
Dual Motor	2022-	95

Model X

Variant	Years	Capacity (kWh)
60D	2016-2017	62
75D	2016-2018	72.5
P90D	2016	85.5
P90DL	2016	85.5
90D	2016-2017	85.5
P100D	2017-2019	95
100D	2017-2019	95
Standard Range	2019	72.5
Long Range	2019-2020	95
Performance	2019-2020	95
Ludicrous Performance	2019	95
Long Range Plus	2020-2021	98
Performance	2020-2021	98
Plaid	2022-	95
Dual Motor	2022-	95

Cybertruck

Variant	Years	Capacity (kWh)
AWD	2023-	123
Cyberbeast	2023-	123

Figures are usable (not gross) capacity. Values may vary slightly by market, software version, and production batch.

Tesla battery cell chemistry: NMC vs LFP

Tesla uses two main cell chemistries depending on the model and trim. Understanding which you have affects how you should charge.

NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt)

Higher energy density

–Used in Long Range and Performance trims
–Higher energy density — more range per kg
–Charge limit: 80–90% for daily use
–Greater range but more sensitivity to heat and charging habits

Models: Model S, Model X, Model 3 LR/Perf, Model Y LR/Perf, Cybertruck

LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate)

Longer cycle life

–Used in Standard Range (entry-level) trims
–Lower energy density but more charge cycles before degradation
–Can be charged to 100% regularly without penalty
–Tesla recommends a monthly 100% charge to recalibrate the BMS

Models: Model 3 Standard Range (2020+), Model Y Standard (some markets)

Not sure which chemistry your car has? Check the variant name: "LFP" is often noted explicitly in the software or you can identify it by the recommended charge level shown in your car settings.

Tesla cell formats: 18650, 2170, and 4680

Tesla has used three cylindrical cell formats across its history. The numbers describe the cell dimensions in millimetres.

Format	Dimensions	Used in	Notes
18650	18 × 65 mm	Early Model S & X	Original cell format, smaller and well-proven
2170	21 × 70 mm	Model 3, Model Y, newer Model S/X	Higher energy density than 18650, manufactured at Gigafactory Nevada
4680	46 × 80 mm	Cybertruck, some Model Y	Tesla's newest format — tabless design reduces internal resistance and improves thermal management

Key Tesla battery degradation statistics

~5%

Typical first-year drop

A normal 'settling' loss in the first 25,000 miles. Stabilises quickly.

~90%

Retained at 200,000 mi

Based on Tesla's own fleet data. Most owners never notice a meaningful impact on daily driving.

300k–500k mi

Estimated cell lifespan

Projected before significant capacity loss. Real-world data on high-mileage Teslas consistently supports this.

For practical tips on keeping your battery in good shape, see our guide to maximising Tesla battery life. To check your own battery against these benchmarks, use the battery health calculator.

How to read these tables: usable capacity, not gross

Every capacity figure above is usable capacity — the energy you can actually draw from the pack — rather than the larger raw ("gross") pack size occasionally quoted elsewhere. Manufacturers reserve a buffer at the very top and bottom of every lithium-ion pack to protect the cells over the car's lifetime, so the usable figure is always somewhat smaller than the nominal size of the physical pack, and it's the only number that lines up with the range you'll actually see or a battery health result from our battery health calculator.

Values can vary slightly by market, software version and production batch, so treat each figure as the factory-typical value for that variant rather than an exact reading for any individual car.

Chemistry and heat pumps: what the specs don't always spell out

Which cell chemistry a Tesla uses affects both how you should charge it and how it performs in the cold — see the chemistry cards above for the full NMC-vs-LFP breakdown, and our battery management guide for the daily charging habits each one prefers.

Heat pumps are a similarly easy detail to miss on a spec sheet, but they materially affect cold-weather range: every Model Y since launch in 2020 has one, Model 3 gained one with the Highland refresh in late 2020/2021, and Model S and Model X were updated in 2021. A pre-2021 Model 3, S or X instead uses resistive heating, which draws noticeably more energy for the same cabin warmth in winter.

Battery specs FAQs

Why does my Tesla's screen show a slightly different capacity than these tables?

Production-batch variance, software calibration and a small amount of calendar ageing even on a nearly-new car can all shift the number a little. The tables here show each variant's factory-original usable capacity, not your specific car's current condition — for that, run your own figures through our battery health calculator.

What does usable capacity actually mean?

It's the energy you can actually draw from the pack day to day, as opposed to the larger raw (gross) pack size sometimes quoted in marketing material. Every figure on this page is usable capacity, because it's the number that determines the range you'll actually see and the only figure that lines up with a real-world battery health reading.

Does Tesla publish official battery capacity numbers?

Not directly, and not for every model — Tesla doesn't publish gross pack size as a rule. The usable-capacity figures compiled here are derived from official range and efficiency ratings, cross-checked against independent testing and teardown data (via sources including ev-database.org), rather than a single official spec sheet.

How often are these tables updated?

Whenever Tesla changes a model's pack, motor, or efficiency — a new model year, a mid-cycle refresh such as the Model 3 Highland or Model Y Juniper, or a chemistry change on a specific trim. The tables include historical variants going back to each model's launch, so you can also look up an older car by its production years.